Efecto de fluorados sobre la composición química del esmalte dental expuesto al peróxido de hidrógeno

Abstract

Introduction: the rise of cosmetic dentistry has driven the demand for treatments to achieve a perfect smile, with teeth whitening being a prominent procedure.

Objective: a randomized controlled in vitro trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of fluoridated compounds on the dental chemical composition of specimens previously treated with 38% H₂O₂.

Method: the sample consisted of 40 premolars. All were treated with 38% H₂O₂ (35 minutes). Subsequently, the groups were randomly categorized as follows: Group 1 (difluorosilane), Group 2 (5% sodium fluoride), Group 3 (2% sodium fluoride), and Group 4 (control). Molecular weight percentages were determined at three time points: T0 (baseline), T1 (post-H₂O₂), and T2 (post-fluoridated). Remineralization was also assessed at 5, 10, and 15 days using a photomicroscope. Statistical analysis was performed with a 95% confidence level and α=0.05.

Results: enamel demineralization was evident after treatment with 38% H₂O₂, with a percentage loss of calcium and phosphorus, as well as an increase in oxygen. After treatment with fluorides (Groups 1-3 only), microscopic evidence of remineralization was observed. Group 1 showed the highest number of specimens with modification of hard structures due to the inclusion of minerals within them (70%).

Conclusions: demineralization occurs after bleaching with 38% H₂O₂. Fluoride compounds promote remineralization, the effects of which appear to be dependent on the fluoride concentration and the exposure time.