Clinical profile of female breast cancer patients in a hospital in Mayabeque

Abstract

Introduction: breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in females and the leading cause of premature mortality among women worldwide.

Objective: to characterize the clinical profile of breast cancer patients.

Method: an observational, descriptive, cross‑sectional study was conducted at the Hospital Docente Clínico-Quirúrgico "Aleida Fernández Chardiet" in Mayabeque province, Cuba, from 2019 to 2023. The study population consisted of 380 female patients with histopathological diagnosis who underwent surgery. Data were processed using descriptive statistics.

Results: ages between 40 and 59 years predominated (46.67%). The year 2019 was the most representative, with 127 patients (33.42%). The left breast was the most affected (66.24%), as was the upper outer quadrant (32.74%). The least common location was the right periareolar region (2.30%). Radiological classification reported 141 patients (37.11%) with BI‑RADS 5, of whom 60 (15.79%) were from 2019. Invasive ductal carcinoma prevailed in pathological studies (57.87%). Only 17 patients (4.47%) presented any postoperative complication; the most frequent were seromas (1.84%) and surgical wound sepsis (1.57%).

Conclusions: the findings agree with those reported in the literature, although geographical and temporal variations are evident, reinforcing the need for continuous local studies to optimize early diagnosis and surgical management.