Splenectomy in patients with non-traumatic splenic diseases: a 40-year-study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18063988Keywords:
splenectomy, splenic diseases, general surgery, postoperative complications, retrospective studies, surgical epidemiologyAbstract
Introduction: non-traumatic splenic diseases requiring splenectomy are numerous, infrequent, or rare. At the Hospital General Docente “Agostinho Neto” in Guantánamo, Cuba, no studies exist on the outcomes of patients who have undergone splenic surgery due to non-traumatic splenopathy.
Objective: to characterize patients with non-traumatic splenopathy who underwent splenectomy between 1985 and 2025.
Method: a study was conducted on 74 patients discharged from the General Surgery service of this hospital. The following variables were analyzed: age, sex, non-traumatic splenic disease requiring splenectomy, clinical-hematological criteria, type of splenectomy performed, associated surgical intervention, complications, and number of deaths.
Results: the mean age was 41±17 years, and females predominated (64.4%). Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (20.2%), hereditary microspherocytosis (13.0%), and pseudocyst (13.0%) were the three most common non-traumatic splenic diseases. The clinical-hematological most frequent were: tumor (26.1%), thrombocytopenia (18.0%), and anemia (18.0%). Sixty-eight total splenectomies were performed (92.0%). Twelve cholecystectomies were performed (44.4%), followed by seven liver and lymph node biopsies (26.0%), respectively. Twelve patients (16.2%) experienced complications, and four patients died. The postoperative mortality rate was 5.4%.
Conclusions: the indications, execution and results of conventional splenectomy in non-traumatic diseases of the spleen are similar to those found in series in the international literature.
Downloads
References
McClusky DA 3rd, Skandalakis LJ, Colborn GL, Skandalakis JE. Tribute to a triad: history of splenic anatomy, physiology, and surgery--part 1. World J Surg [Internet]. 1999 Mar [citado 11 Feb 2025]; 23(3):311-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/pl00013191
McClusky DA 3rd, Skandalakis LJ, Colborn GL, Skandalakis JE. Tribute to a triad: history of splenic anatomy, physiology, and surgery-part 2. World J Surg [Internet]. 1999 May [citado 14 Feb 2025]; 23(5):514-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/pl00012341
Soler Vaillant R, Mederos Curbelo ON. Cirugía. Tomo V. Afecciones del abdomen y otras especialidades quirúrgicas [Internet]. La Habana: Editorial Ciencias Médicas; 2018. p. 176-182 [consultado 8 Ene 2025]. Disponible en: http://www.bvscuba.sld.cu/libro/cirugia-tomo-v-afecciones-del-abdomen-y-otras-especialidades-quirurgicas/
Capitan Vallvery JM. Evolución histórica de la cirugía del bazo. Seminario Médico [Internet]. 2002 Dic [citado 11 Feb 2025]; 54(3):63-84. Disponible en: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/4013927.pdf
Sisto A, Castro R, Quevedo L, Dopico E, Rodríguez JM, González R. Esplenectomía segmentaria. Nuestra primera experiencia. Rev Med. 1986; 1(3):61-3.
Sisto A, Rodríguez-Florido J, Quevedo L, Dopico E, Govín J, González H. La cirugía conservadora del bazo. Ciruj Gen. 1991;13(4):279-80.
Sierra EE, López HM, Acuña QA, Pérez VR. Esplenectomía parcial. Informe de tres pacientes operados. Rev Cubana Cir. 1990; 29(1):135-43.
Sierra E. Cirugía conservadora del bazo.11 casos. Rev Cubana Cir. 1988; 22(4): 54-61.
Olivera Sandoval O, Mederos Curbelo ON, Faedo Borges F. Cirugía conservadora de la función esplénica en el adulto joven. Rev Cubana Cir. 1995; 34(2).
Poulin EC, Thibault C, Mamazza J. Laparoscopic splenectomy. Surg Endosc [Internet]. 1995 [citado 18 Feb 2025]; 9(2):172-176. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00191961
Cuadernos de Historia. Salud Pública Cuba. 2010. Número 107.
Cuadernos de Historia. Salud Pública Cuba. 2012. Número 112.
Svarch EG, Nordet I, Chesnay A, González A, Vilorio P, Hernández G, et al. La esplenectomía parcial en la hemoglobinopatía S. Rev Cubana Hematol Inmunol Hemoter. 1989; 5(4):555- 63. Disponible en: https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/lil-85449
Vila García E, Silvera García JR, Vilorio Haza PL, González González JL, Pérez González D. Resultados del uso de la esplenectomía videolaparoscópica en el Hospital Docente Clínico Quirúrgico "Hermanos Ameijeiras". Rev Cub Cir [Internet] 2018 [citado 16 Ene 2025]; 57(1). Disponible en: https://revcirugia.sld.cu/index.php/cir/article/view/570
Vilorio Haza PL, Silvera García R, Díaz Calderín JM, Pérez González D. Esplenectomía laparoscópica. Rev Cubana Cir [Internet]. 2001 Sep [citado 8 Ene 2025]; 40(3):228-234. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-74932001000300009&lng=es
Barreras González JE, Martínez Alfonso MA, Torres Peña R, Faife Faife BC, Hernández Gutiérrez JM, Olivé González JB. Esplenectomia laparoscópica: nuestra experiencia. Rev Haban Cienc Méd [Internet]. 2008 Dic [citado 11 Feb 2025]; 7(4). Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1729-519X2008000400013&lng=es
Hechavarría García Y. Caracterización de pacientes esplenectomizados por cirugía convencional. Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Lucía Iñiguez Landín. 2018-2021 [Tesis de Especialidad]. Holguín: Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Holguín; 2021. Disponible en: https://tesis.hlg.sld.cu/index.php?P=FullRecord&ID=2104
Bowdler AJ. Splenomegaly and hypersplenism. Clinics Hematol [Internet]. 1983 [citado 11 Feb 2025]; 12(2):467-488. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-2261(21)00396-9
Jinna S, Karra S, Scott WP, Paras BK. Thrombocytopenia. Treasures Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542208/
Buitrago-Naranjo LE, Gutiérrez-Rodríguez JV, CObaleda S, Cañas Vargas JA. Trombocitopenia inmune en adultos: epidemiologia, curso clínico y factores pronósticos en 2 instituciones de tercer nivel en Antioquia, 2012-2018. Estudio de seguimiento a una cohorte. Rev Colomb Reumal [Internet]. 2023 [citado 11 Feb 2025]; 30(3):222-229. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcreu.2021.11.002
Donatoa H. Crisp RL, Rapetti MC, García E, Attief M. Esferocitosis hereditaria. Revisión. Parte I. Historia, demografía, etiopatogenia y diagnóstico. Arch Argent Pediatr [Internet]. 2015 [citado 4 Ene 2025]; 113(1):69-80. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5546/aap.2015.69
Zamora EA, Schaefer CA Esferocitosis hereditaria. Treasures Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023. Disponible en: https://www-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.translate.goog/books/NBK539797/?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=es&_x_tr_hl=es&_x_tr_pto=tc
Ibikunle II, Olaboopo SO, Kaza S. A comprehensive review of splenic cysts: case reports and clinical insight. Cureus [Internet]. 2024 [citado 11 Feb 2025]; 16(11):e73502. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.73502
González A, Bruno Cao V. Quiste esplénico secundario. A propósito de un caso. Rev Méd Cient UNACHI [Internet]. 2024 [citado 11 Feb 2025]; 1(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.59722/rmcu.v1i2.729
Rodríguez Montes JA. Esplenectomía y sepsis. An RANM [Internet]. 2021 [citado 14 Feb 2025]; 138(01): 31–38. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.32440/ar.2021.138.01.rev04
Herrera García M, Estrada del Cueto M. Esferocitosis hereditaria: aspectos clínicos, bioquímicos y moleculares. Rev Cubana Hematol Inmunol Hemoter [Internet]. 2002 [citado 14 Feb 2025]; 18(1). Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0864-02892002000100001
Gómez Alonso A, Santos Benito FF, González Fernández L, Gómez Gómez JM, González Fraile M, Bellido Luque A, García Plaza A. Complicaciones de la esplenectomía. Análisis de nuestra casuística. Cir Esp. 2001; 69(3):224-230.
Weledji EP. Benefits and risks of splenectomy. Int J of Surg [Internet]. 2014 [citado 14 Feb 2025]; 12 (2): 113-119. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2013.11.017
Rey Chaves CE, Díaz S, Gómez Garnica D, CárdenasO, Noguera P, Ortiz Marín M, et al. Postoperative outcomes after splenectomy: a 20-year single-center experience in Colombia. BMC Surg [Internet]. 2024 2014 [citado 11 Ene 2025]; 362. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12893-024-02637-3
Faucher M, Ravot S, Barthes L, de Guibert JM, Chow-Chine L, Gonzalez F, et al. Splenectomy in onco-hematologic patients: a retrospective study of early complications and 1-year mortality. Cancers [Internet]. 2025 [citado 17 Ene 2025]; 17(13):2241. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17132241
Davies IL, Cho J, Lewis MH. Splenectomy results from an 18-year single centre experience. Ann R Coll Surg Engl [Internet]. 2014 [citado 8 Ene 2025]; 96(2):147-150. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1308/003588414x13814021677593
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Ángel Piriz Momblant, Antonio Herrera Puentes, Liudy Luna Pérez, Zahyli Raymond Deroncele
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
