Characterization of facial trauma in a public pediatric hospital in Quito, Ecuador
Keywords:
facial fractures, facial trauma, children, pediatric trauma, maxillofacial traumaAbstract
Introduction: facial trauma in children is rare, however, it remains the main cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality in several countries because children are more prone to suffer facial fractures because the size of the head is larger in relation to to the body (8:1). Objective: to characterize facial trauma in children treated at a public pediatric hospital in Quito, Ecuador. Method: a retrospective descriptive study was carried out through the collection of data from medical records of patients with a history of facial trauma treated by the department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery in a public pediatric hospital in the city of Quito, in the period from April 2017 to December 2017. Data were collected on the variables: age, sex, etiology of facial trauma and affected facial structure. Results: 320 patients were treated, of which 39 patients presented facial injuries. The incidence of facial trauma in this pediatric hospital corresponded to 12.18%. The age group with the highest number of facial trauma was group II (between 6 and 11 years), which corresponded to 56.41% (22), followed by group I (between 0 and 5 years) with 30.77%. and finally group III with 12.82%. The male sex predominated with 56.41% of the cases. The highest incidence among etiological factors corresponded to traffic accidents (35.9%), followed by falls (33.33%) and physical aggression (30.77%). The midface was the most frequently affected anatomical structure (46.15%). Conclusions: important results are reached to establish information and parameters of hospital care. Further studies are recommended with a larger number of patients over a prolonged period of time to be able to relate different variables and establish the behavior of facial trauma in our environment.
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